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Bitcoin was proposed
Satoshi Nakamoto and his white Paper
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In 2008, just after the banking crash that rocked the financial infrastructure, and led to the biggest recession since the Great Depression of the 1930s, a white paper was published which described what would become bitcoin.
Satoshi Nakamoto is the name used by the unknown person or persons who developed bitcoin, authored the bitcoin white paper, created and deployed bitcoin's original reference implementation. As part of the implementation, they also devised the first blockchain database. In the process they were the first to solve the double-spending problem for digital currency using a peer-to-peer network. They were active in the development of bitcoin up until December 2010.
https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf
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A purely peer-to-peer version of electronic cash would allow online payments to be sent directly from one party to another without going through a financial institution or other 3rd party money handler. Digital signatures provide part of the solution, but the main benefits are lost if a trusted third party is still required to prevent double-spending. We propose a solution to the double-spending problem using a peer-to-peer network. The network timestamps transactions by hashing them into an ongoing chain of hash-based proof-of-work, forming a record that cannot be changed without redoing the proof-of-work. The longest chain not only serves as proof of the sequence of events witnessed, but proof that it came from the largest pool of CPU power. As long as a majority of CPU power is controlled by nodes that are not cooperating to attack the network, they'll generate the longest chain and outpace attackers. The network itself requires minimal structure. Messages are broadcast on a best effort basis, and nodes can leave and rejoin the network at will, accepting the longest proof-of-work chain as proof of what happened while they were gone. This is known as the Blockchain.
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